Castle Coole: A Great Neo-Classical House in Ireland

Updated On: April 15, 2024 by   Ciaran Connolly

No matter where you go in Ireland, there is no shortage of impressive and historic Castles, with over 1000 unique castles found in the Country alone. Castle Coole is one of those magnificent castles found in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland.

The castle is surrounded by 1,200 acres of gorgeous landscape and wooded parklands. Castle Coole is also considered one of the most significant 18th-century Neo-Classical houses that the National Trust has well preserved.

The National Trust is a charity founded in 1895 by people who saw how valuable it was to look after our country’s heritage and open spaces. They care about sites like Castle Coole and make sure they don’t lose their heritage and beauty. They care for many of the best Northern Ireland sites, including our coastlines, forests, beaches, nature reserves, historic buildings, and more.

The History of Castle Coole

The castle’s estate was first purchased in 1656 by a Belfast merchant, John Corry. He was the grandfather of the first Earl. The name of the estate comes from Lough Coole, a lake surrounded by the hills of Killynure.

Construction of Castle Coole began between 1789 and 1797. It was to be the summer home of Armar Lowry-Corry, the First Earl of Belmore. He was a member of Parliament in County Tyrone and was a very wealthy heir.

The Earl of Belmore owned around 70,000 acres of land throughout Ireland, handed down through his ancestors. The income generated from his land meant he could build Castle Coole at £57,000. Incredibly, that would be equivalent to around 20 million pounds today.

There were also other family residences built on the estate of Castle Coole, including a dwelling from the King James period and a house for Queen Anne in 1709.

When the Act of Union passed in 1800, which united Britain and Ireland, the family moved from their primary residence in Dublin to the Castle in Enniskillen. They lived in Dublin to be close to the parliament, but this no longer applied with the new act in place.

More Castle Coole History

Then, in 1951, the 7th Earl of Belmore handed over the Castle to the National Trust, but the contents inside the mansion, including furniture, paintings and more, remained the Earl Belmore’s Property. Much of this content can still be viewed today during tours of Castle Coole.

The Castle gives us a unique view of the style and design of what was popular during that period. During the summer, the National Trust opens the Castle for visitors to explore. The estate can be visited year-round and enjoy its beautiful surroundings.

During the timeframe of 1980- 1988, the castle remained closed as the National Trust began significant restorations. This included removing the façade and replacing the metal anchors holding the stones. This was done carefully; even today, you wouldn’t think the stone was touched. The re-opening of Castle Coole was celebrated with the Queen Mother officially opening it back to the public.

As an agreement between The Earl Belmore and the National Trust, the Earl was to keep an apartment in the S Wing. His heir and family still currently use it today.

The Architecture of Castle Coole

The Earl of Belmore hired brilliant architect James Wyatt to design the castle house. Wyatt was considered one of the best during that period. No expense was spared as the 1st Earl wanted the castle to be magnificent and to impress people. Wyatt followed closely to the Neo-Classical design, which was quite popular during that period. He had never actually visited the castle site, so he sent his designs over from his home in London.

Castle Features 

The most notable features of the castle include the Portland stone Facades and the stunning interior. Many of the essential furnishings inside were also designed by James Wyatt. The beautiful ceilings and plastering were at the hands of the brilliant artist Joseph Rose, making the castle a masterpiece inside and out.

Different craftsmen from all over Ireland and Europe were employed to fill the castle’s interior. This included stone floors, marble fireplaces and even detailed leather door panels. The castle was not short of spectacular and was fit for a King or Queen.

The most lavish piece of furniture in the house is the State Bed, commissioned for George IV’s visit in 1821. But he never visited Castle Coole, meaning it has stayed in perfect condition ever since.

A Grand Castle Not to be Missed

The castle represents one of the best examples of Neo-classical architecture in Ireland. Especially since it has all of the original furniture commissioned for the castle, it’s like stepping back in time; you get an idea of the style and luxury enjoyed by those who lived there.

Castle Coole is an unmissable visit to County Fermanagh. Not only can you explore the castle, but the basement has also been opened, where visitors can experience the life of servants back then. Or enjoy the beautiful parkland and scenery that surrounds the castle and fill up on its history. A trip to Castle Coole will leave you in awe after exploring.

Enchanting Surroundings

Beyond its impressive architecture, the castle is set amidst 1,200 acres of stunning parkland and gardens, creating a tranquil oasis in the heart of County Fermanagh. Designed by the renowned landscape architect William King, the grounds feature manicured lawns, serene lakes, and winding woodland paths, offering visitors a chance to explore and unwind.

The pleasure grounds surrounding the mansion are a delight to explore, with ornamental temples, follies, and caves dotted throughout the landscape. The Walled Garden is another highlight, bursting with vibrant flowers, fruit trees, and fragrant herbs, while the nearby Ice House provides a glimpse into the estate’s past as a working demesne.

For those looking to experience the beauty of Castle Coole from a different perspective, guided tours offer insights into the mansion’s history, architecture, and the lives of its former inhabitants. Visitors can also enjoy strolls through the parkland, picnics by the lake, or wildlife spotting in the woodlands, making Castle Coole a destination that truly has something for everyone.

The Legacy of Castle Coole

Over the centuries, Castle Coole has witnessed many historical events, from lavish parties and political gatherings to periods of decline and restoration. Despite facing economic hardship and changing social dynamics, the mansion has stood the test of time, preserving its architectural splendour for future generations to admire.

Today, Castle Coole is a cherished heritage site and a popular tourist attraction, welcoming visitors worldwide to explore its grand halls and manicured gardens. Guided tours offer insights into the mansion’s history and inhabitants, immersing guests in the rich tapestry of Irish heritage.

In addition to its cultural significance, Castle Coole plays a vital role in the local community, hosting events, educational programs, and conservation initiatives to preserve its legacy for posterity. The estate is a hub of cultural enrichment and environmental stewardship, from art exhibitions and music concerts to wildlife conservation projects.

Preservation and Conservation

Since acquiring Castle Coole, the National Trust has undertaken extensive efforts to preserve and maintain the estate, protecting its architectural heritage and natural beauty for the enjoyment of visitors. Skilled craftsmen and conservationists work tirelessly to restore the mansion’s interior to its former glory, meticulously repairing plasterwork, restoring furnishings, and preserving historic artefacts.

In the gardens and grounds, horticulturists and gardeners carefully examine the landscape, ensuring that Castle Coole’s gardens flourish throughout the changing seasons. Educational programs, guided tours, and special events offer visitors the opportunity to delve into the rich history and heritage of the estate, providing insights into the lives of those who once called Castle Coole home.

Visitor Experience

A visit to Castle Coole is a truly immersive experience, allowing visitors to explore the house at their own pace and soak up the atmosphere of this historic estate. Guided tours are available for those who wish to delve deeper into the history and architecture of the house, while self-guided tours allow visitors to wander freely and discover hidden gems at their leisure.

In addition to guided tours, Castle Coole offers a range of special events and activities throughout the year, including garden tours, historical reenactments, and seasonal celebrations. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature lover, or simply looking for a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of modern life, Castle Coole has something to offer everyone.

Conclusion

Castle Coole is more than just a house; it’s a living testament to Ireland’s rich history and cultural heritage. With its stunning Neo-Classical architecture, beautifully landscaped gardens, and richly appointed interiors, Castle Coole offers a glimpse into a world of elegance and luxury that will captivate and inspire visitors of all ages. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture fan, or simply someone who appreciates the finer things in life, a visit to Castle Coole is an experience not to be missed.

Other great Northern Ireland attractions to check out:

Glens of Antrim| Mount Stewart House and Gardens| The Giants Causeway| Carrickfergus Castle| Castlewellan Forest Park| Roe Valley Country Park| Castle Ward|